Observability and controllability of nonlinear networks. Most of the results on pinning controllability are based on the assumption that the dynamics of the network is deterministic and noisefree. Exact controllability of complex networks file exchange. Here we develop analytical tools to study the controllability of an arbitrary complex directed network, identifying the set of driver nodes with timedependent.
In existing frameworks of structural or exact controllability, the ability to steer a complex network toward any desired state is measured by the minimum number of required driver nodes. A complex network, in context of network theory is a graph with nontrivial topological features. August 2429, 2014 recovering the controllability of complex networks jin ding, yongzai lu, fellow, ieee, jian chu state key laboratory of industrial control technology, institute of cybersystems and control, zhejiang university, 310027, hangzhou, p. Despite the recent development of structural controllability theory, we continue to lack a framework to control. Their approach is based on the identification of a subset of nodes called driver nodes in a. Physical controllability of complex networks and control of. Physical controllability of complex networks and control of nonlinear dynamical networks yingcheng lai arizona state university collaborators. Zhengzhong yuan, chen zhao, zengru di, wenxu wang, yingcheng lai download pdf. Recent efforts have led to theoretical frameworks of controllability to fully control a network through steering a minimum set of driver nodes. Comment on controllability of complex networks with nonlinear. Minimum energy control for complex networks scientific reports. Controllability and identification of complex networks. In sum, we study the control centrality of single node in complex networks and find that it is related to the underlying hierarchical structure of networks. In existing frameworks of structural or exact controllability, the ability to steer a complex network toward any desired state.
It is interesting to point out that in the frequency domain there exists a very powerful and simple theorem that gives a single condition for both the controllability and the observability of a system. May 11, 2011 they develop analytical tools to study the controllability of an arbitrary complex directed network using both model and real systems, ranging from regulatory, neural and metabolic pathways in. The presented results help us better understand the controllability of complex networks and design an efficient attack strategy against network control. Controllability and observability have been introduced in the state space domain as pure time domain concepts. Previous studies have shown that an appropriate directional assignment can improve structural controllability. A company controls the dynamics of information flow for efficient task execution or innovation 4. In this paper, we develop an exact controllability framework as an alternative to the structural controllability framework, which offers a universal tool to treat the controllability of complex networks with arbitrary structures and link weights, including directed, undirected, weighted and unweighted networks with or without selfloops. Structural controllability of complex networks based on preferential.
Sep 12, 20 controlling complex networks is of paramount importance in science and engineering. Global pinning controllability of complex networks. Introduction an observer model of a natural system has many. Abstractcontrolling complex networks is of paramount importance in science and engineering. However, there is no comprehensive and easytouse platform for analyzing controllability of biomolecular networks although various algorithms for analyzing complex network controllability have been proposed recently. Studying the controllability of biomolecular networks can result in profound knowledge about molecular biological systems. Recovering the controllability of complex networks. Exact controllability of complex networks nature communications. Network theory based controllability and observability analysis have become widely used techniques. For example, a cellular system controls a series of chemical reactions during its division to guarantee sufficient genetic materials in each daughter cell 1,2,3. Optimizing controllability of complex networks by minimum structural perturbations wenxu wang, 1, 2 xuan ni, yingcheng lai, 2, 3 and celso grebogi 1 department of systems science, school of management and center for complexity research. Despite the recent development of structural controllability theory, we continue to lack a. Despite important advances in control theory, several questions regarding the control of complex networks are largely unexplored, as, for instance, the relation between network topology and its controllability degree.
Control capacity and a random sampling method in exploring. In our work we apply the various tools developed to. The ultimate proof of our understanding of natural or technological systems is reflected in our ability to control them. Controllability of complex networks references 3 of 12 from liu et al1 networks are either unknown for example regulatory networks or are known only approximately and are time dependent for example internet traffic. They develop analytical tools to study the controllability of an arbitrary complex directed network using both model and real systems, ranging from regulatory, neural and metabolic pathways in. It is interesting to point out that in the frequency domain there exists a very powerful and simple theorem that gives a single condition for both the controllability and the observability of a.
The algorithm addresses the two fundamental properties to guarantee structural controllability of a system. For instance, in gene regulatory networks determin. Controllability and observability in complex networks the effect of. Controllability in cancer metabolic networks according to.
Controllability of real networks n d n d n explore the controllability of several real networks. Bassett2,6 cognitive function is driven by dynamic interactions between largescale. Biological physics, complex systems, nonlinear dynamics i. Liu et al controllability of complex networks sandbox slides. Egerstedt, controllability characterizations of leaderbased swarm interactions, aaai.
There is little e ort being devoted to developing e ective and e cient avenues to recover the damaged controllability of networks caused by malicious attacks or random failures, e. Especially, research on robustness and controllability of the network indicate the close correlation to the properties of complex networks such as scalefree, smallworld, etc. Controllability metrics, limitations and algorithms for. Control centrality and hierarchical structure in complex. Control capacity and a random sampling method in exploring controllability of complex networks tao jia 1, 4, 5 and albertlaszlo barabasi a, 1, 2, 3 1 center for complex network research and department of physics, northeastern university, boston, massachusetts 02115, usa. Input is an adjacency matrix directed or undirected. Cort es uc san diego controllability and identi cation of complex networks october 23, 2015 7 40 reachability metrics for bilinear control systems how easydi cult. Controllability of complex networks via pinning francesco sorrentino,1, mario di bernardo,1 franco garofalo,1 and guanrong chen2 1university of naples federico ii, naples 80125, italy 2city university of hong kong, kowloon, hong kong, peoples republic of china received 8 august 2006. By means of simulations, we show that the degree descendi.
How can this distinction be quantified in a precise manner. Optimizing controllability of complex networks by minimum structural. Despite the recent development of structural controllability theory, we. The need to control is ubiquitous in many complex systems. In a supply chain, cost is reduced by controlling the commodity flow 5. A combined algorithm for analyzing structural controllability. Proceedings of the 19th world congress the international federation of automatic control cape town, south africa. Physical controllability of complex networks and control. Network controllability is concerned about the structural controllability of a network. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page.
In existing frameworks of structural or exact controllability, the ability to. Wang x f, chen g, pinning control of scalefree dynamical networks, physica a, 310. Complex networks in which inputs are naturally unilateral occur in many other domains, such as for instance in transportation, in trade, or in power networks, see table 1 for more motivating examples. A challenging problem in network science is to control complex networks. Our research progress wang x f, chen g, pinning control of scalefree dynamical networks, physica a, 310.
Article received 7 apr 2015 accepted 19 aug 2015 published 1 oct 2015 controllability of structural brain networks shi gu1,2, fabio pasqualetti3, matthew cieslak4, qawi k. Control capacity and a random sampling method in exploring controllability of complex networks. Pdf to text batch convert multiple files software please purchase personal license. Complex networks are ubiquitous, they are found in natural, social and manmade systems, such as generegulatory networks and mobile sensor networks. On the structural controllability of networks of linear.
Functional target controllability of networks archive ouverte hal. This article is from nature communications, volume 4. Optimization of controllability and robustness of complex. The controllability of general directed and weighted complex networks has recently been the. Controllability of complex networks with unilateral inputs. This definition agrees well with our intuitive notion of control. Controllability metrics, limitations and algorithms for complex networks fabio pasqualetti, sandro zampieri, and francesco bullo abstractthis paper studies the problem of controlling complex networks, that is, the joint problem of selecting a set of control nodes and of designing a control input to steer a network to a target state. Pinning controllability of complex networks with community. China 2school of electrical, computer and energy engineering, arizona state university, tempe, arizona 85287, usa. Pinning control and controllability of complex networks.
Liu et al controllability of complex networks sandbox. Pdf controllability of complex networks researchgate. How to optimize structural controllability has also become a significant issue. For anisotropic networks networks with a preferential direction it seems. The controllability of general directed and weighted complex networks has. Sorrentino f, di bernardo m, garofalo f, chen g, controllability of complex networks. Optimizing controllability of complex networks by minimum. Even if all weights are known, a bruteforce search requires us to compute the rank ofcfor 2n2 1 distinct combina. Physical controllability of complex networks asu digital.
If you have a disability and are having trouble accessing information on this website or need materials in an alternate format, contact web. Controllability describes our ability to guide a dynamical system from any initial state to any desired final state in finite time, with a suitable choice of inputs. Unfortunately, in many applications, networks are often subject to certain unavoidable disturbances and noise. Optimizing controllability of complex networks by minimum structural perturbations. The ability to control complex networks via external inputs is fundamental to guarantee reliable and efcient network operation. Li x, wang x f, chen g, pinning a complex dynamical network to its equilibrium, ieee trans. Asymmetric complex networks for asymmetric networks the situation is more complexfor isotropic networks networks with no preferential directions it seems that the situation is the same as for symmetric networks, namely they are dif. Recently, controllability of complex networks has attracted enormous attention in various fields of science and engineering. A consequence is that even if a network is controllable with a certain set of driver nodes, the control energy that those nodes require may result. The ability to control complex networks is of utmost. Controllability of complex networks via nature abstract. In this paper, we study the controllability of networks with different numbers of communities and various strengths of community structure. Barabasi 1,2,5 the ultimate proof of our understanding of natural or technological systems is reflected in our ability to control them.
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